Microchip® Advanced Software Framework

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Polite anonymous best effort local broadcast

The polite module sends one local area broadcast packet within one time interval.

If a packet with the same header is received from a neighbor within the interval, the packet is not sent.

The polite primitive is a generalization of the polite gossip algorithm from Trickle (Levis et al, NSDI 2004). The polite gossip algorithm is designed to reduce the total amount of packet transmissions by not repeating a message that other nodes have already sent. The purpose of the polite broadcast primitive is to avoid that multiple copies of a specific set of packet attributes is sent on a specified logical channel in the local neighborhood during a time interval.

The polite broadcast primitive is useful for implementing broadcast protocols that use, e.g., negative acknowledgements. If many nodes need to send the negative acknowledgement to a sender, it is enough if only a single message is delivered to the sender.

The upper layer protocol or application that uses the polite broadcast primitive provides an interval time, and message along with a list of packet attributes for which multiple copies should be avoided. The polite broadcast primitive stores the outgoing message in a queue buffer, stores the list of packet attributes, and sets up a timer. The timer is set to a random time during the second half of the interval time.

During the first half of the time interval, the sender listens for other transmissions. If it hears a packet that matches the attributes provided by the upper layer protocol or application, the sender drops the packet. The send timer has been set to a random time some time during the second half of the interval. When the timer fires, and the sender has not yet heard a transmission of the same packet attributes, the sender broadcasts its packet to all its neighbors.

The polite broadcast module does not add any packet attributes to outgoing packets apart from those added by the upper layer.

Channels

The polite module uses 1 channel.

Data Structures

struct  polite_callbacks
 A structure with callback functions for a polite connection. More...
 
struct  polite_conn
 An opaque structure with no user-visible elements that holds the state of a polite connection,. More...
 

Files

file  polite.h
 
    Header file for Polite Anonymous best effort local Broadcast (polite)

 

Macros

#define POLITE_ATTRIBUTES   ABC_ATTRIBUTES
 

Functions

void polite_cancel (struct polite_conn *c)
 Cancel a pending packet. More...
 
void polite_close (struct polite_conn *c)
 Close a polite connection. More...
 
void polite_open (struct polite_conn *c, uint16_t channel, const struct polite_callbacks *cb)
 Open a polite connection. More...
 
int polite_send (struct polite_conn *c, clock_time_t interval, uint8_t hdrsize)
 Send a packet on a polite connection. More...
 

#define POLITE_ATTRIBUTES   ABC_ATTRIBUTES

void polite_cancel ( struct polite_conn c)

Cancel a pending packet.

Parameters
cA pointer to a struct polite_conn that has previously been opened with polite_open().
        This function cancels a pending transmission that has
        previously been started with polite_send().
void polite_close ( struct polite_conn c)

Close a polite connection.

Parameters
cA pointer to a struct polite_conn that has previously been opened with polite_open().
        This function closes a polite connection that has
        previously been opened with polite_open().
void polite_open ( struct polite_conn c,
uint16_t  channel,
const struct polite_callbacks cb 
)

Open a polite connection.

Parameters
cA pointer to a struct polite_conn.
channelThe channel number to be used for this connection
cbA pointer to the callbacks used for this connection
        This function opens a polite connection on the
        specified channel. The callbacks are called when a
        packet is received, or when another event occurs on the
        connection (see \ref "struct polite_callbacks").
int polite_send ( struct polite_conn c,
clock_time_t  interval,
uint8_t  hdrsize 
)

Send a packet on a polite connection.

Parameters
cA pointer to a struct polite_conn that has previously been opened with polite_open().
intervalThe timer interval in which the packet should be sent.
hdrsizeThe size of the header that should be unique within the time interval.
        This function sends a packet from the packetbuf on the
        polite connection. The packet is sent some time during
        the time interval, but only if no other packet is
        received with the same header.